La logistique, un art militaire devenu une pratique de plus en plus spécialisée dans les activités civiles à partir de la moitié du 20éme siècle.
Selon beaucoup de sources, le terme « Logistique » provient de l'un des deux mots qualificatifs Grec suivants « Logistikos » qui signifie "relatif au raisonnement", et « Logisteuo» qui se rapporte aux tâches administratives.
La logistique est une activité qui existait depuis l’antiquité dont le but est d'assurer l’approvisionnement et de faciliter le commerce.Elle a été en quelque sorte pérennisée par les Romains qui l’ontutilisé pour mieux maîtriser les flux de marchandises nécessaires au négoce. Jules César a crée la fonction « Logista » dont le but était d’organiser les campements et les dépôts d’approvisionnement lors des déplacements des troupes romaines.
A partir du XVIII ème siècle les armées dites « modernes » ont commencées à être approvisionnées par des magasins.
Napoléon, avec ces armées mobiles a fait évoluer les concepts en recherchant au fur et à mesure de l’évolution de ces troupes les ressources nécessaires sur les lieux occupées.
L’apparition du chemin de fer et plus tard de l’automobile a permis à la fonction logistique d’approvisionner des acteurs à partir de bases-arrières de plus en plus lointaines.
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Logistique Militaire : Armées Napoléoniennes sur le Danube
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M Crowell, en 1901 a mené les premières réflexions sur les opérations de distribution physique des produits agricoles. Dans les 20 années qui suivirent, de nombreux ouvrages ont fait leur apparition sur le rôle de la logistique avec des applications de méthodes mathématiques.
C’est cependant au cours des deux tragiques guerres mondiales qu’a connues le XIX ème siècle que l’on a assisté à un développement sans précédent des pratiques de la logistique.
La logistique était alors indispensable pour permettre sur de longues périodes de réapprovisionner les troupes en ressources afin que celles-ci restent opérationnelles.
Le débarquement de 1944 en est une excellente illustration car il devait permettre aux troupes débarquées sur les plages de Normandie d’évoluer sur le terrain en disposant de réapprovisionnement de munitions, de denrées alimentaires et de soins.
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| Logistique Militaire : Débarquement de Normandie 6 Juin 1944 |
Consulter aussi
Les géants du transport maritime mondial
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Logistics, a military art became a practice increasingly specialized in civilian activities from the mid-20th century.
According to many sources, the term "Logistics" comes from one of the two Greek qualifying words "Logistikos" which means "relative to reasoning" and "Logisteuo" which refers to administrative tasks.
Logistics is an activity that existed since antiquity, the purpose of which is to ensure the supply and facilitate trade. It was somehow perpetuated by the Romans who used it to better control the flow of goods needed for trading. Julius Caesar created the function "Logista" whose purpose was to organize the camps and supply depots during the movements of Roman troops.
From the eighteenth century so-called "modern" armies began to be supplied by stores.
Napoleon, with these mobile armies has evolved concepts by searching as and when the evolution of these troops the necessary resources on the occupied places.
The appearance of the railroad and later of the automobile allowed the logistics function to supply actors from back bases more and more distant.
Mr. Crowell, in 1901, conducted the first reflections on the physical distribution of agricultural products. In the next 20 years, many books appeared on the role of logistics with applications of mathematical methods.
However, it was during the two tragic world wars that the nineteenth century witnessed an unprecedented development of logistics practices.
The logistics were then essential to allow for long periods of restocking the troops in resources so that they remain operational.
The landing of 1944 is an excellent illustration because it was to allow troops landed on the beaches of Normandy to evolve in the field by having replenishment of ammunition, food and care.
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English version of article
According to many sources, the term "Logistics" comes from one of the two Greek qualifying words "Logistikos" which means "relative to reasoning" and "Logisteuo" which refers to administrative tasks.
Logistics is an activity that existed since antiquity, the purpose of which is to ensure the supply and facilitate trade. It was somehow perpetuated by the Romans who used it to better control the flow of goods needed for trading. Julius Caesar created the function "Logista" whose purpose was to organize the camps and supply depots during the movements of Roman troops.
From the eighteenth century so-called "modern" armies began to be supplied by stores.
Napoleon, with these mobile armies has evolved concepts by searching as and when the evolution of these troops the necessary resources on the occupied places.
The appearance of the railroad and later of the automobile allowed the logistics function to supply actors from back bases more and more distant.
Mr. Crowell, in 1901, conducted the first reflections on the physical distribution of agricultural products. In the next 20 years, many books appeared on the role of logistics with applications of mathematical methods.
However, it was during the two tragic world wars that the nineteenth century witnessed an unprecedented development of logistics practices.
The logistics were then essential to allow for long periods of restocking the troops in resources so that they remain operational.
The landing of 1944 is an excellent illustration because it was to allow troops landed on the beaches of Normandy to evolve in the field by having replenishment of ammunition, food and care.
See also
TOP Shipping Companies
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